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The following are some common closed-loop temperature control structural components:
1. Thermostat: It is the core component of a closed-loop temperature control system. It senses temperature changes through sensors, compares them with the set temperature, and then outputs control signals based on the difference to adjust the working state of heating or cooling equipment, thereby keeping the temperature within the set range. For example, in electric heating equipment, when the temperature is lower than the set value, the thermostat will turn on the power to make the heating element work; When the temperature reaches or exceeds the set value, the thermostat will cut off the power and stop heating.
2. Temperature sensor: used to measure the temperature of the controlled object in real time, and convert the temperature signal into an electrical signal or other communicable signal, which is fed back to the temperature controller. Common temperature sensors include thermocouples, thermistors, and thermistors. For example, in temperature control of industrial furnaces, thermocouples can convert temperature changes inside the furnace into voltage signals, which are transmitted to the temperature controller for adjustment based on actual temperature.
3. Heating element: When the temperature controller detects that the temperature is lower than the set value, it will control the heating element to work and provide heat to the controlled object, causing the temperature to rise. Common heating elements include resistance wires, heating tubes, heating plates, etc. For example, in an oven, resistance wires generate heat through current, heating the air inside the oven and thus heating the items placed inside the oven.
4. Refrigeration components: In closed-loop temperature control systems that require temperature reduction, refrigeration components play a critical role. Common refrigeration components include semiconductor refrigerators, compressor refrigeration systems, etc. Taking semiconductor refrigerators as an example, they utilize the Peltier effect of semiconductor materials. When current passes through, they absorb heat at one end and release heat at the other end, achieving a cooling effect. They can be used for cooling small refrigerators, electronic devices, and other applications.
5. Circulation device: including circulation pump, fan, etc. Circulating pumps are used in temperature control systems for liquid circulation, allowing the coolant to continuously flow through the system and transfer heat from the heating area to the area that needs to be heated. Fans are commonly used in temperature control systems for air circulation, which force air flow to evenly distribute heat or accelerate heat dissipation. For example, in the cooling system of a computer, a fan accelerates air flow to dissipate the heat generated by the CPU and other heating components, maintaining the normal operating temperature of the computer.
6. Valves: In some temperature control systems, valves are used to control the flow of fluids, thereby regulating the transfer of heat. For example, in a heat exchanger, by adjusting the opening of valves, the flow rate of heat or refrigerant can be controlled, thereby controlling the efficiency of heat exchange and achieving precise temperature control. In the temperature control system for pipeline transportation, valves can automatically adjust the flow rate of fluid in the pipeline based on feedback signals from temperature sensors to maintain temperature stability.