Shenzhen Wuge Industrial Co., Ltd

Nickel titanium alloy, as a functional material with unique shape memory effect and superelasticity, plays a crucial role in many fields. Behind its outstanding performance, the proportion of ingredients plays a decisive role.

Nickel titanium alloy is mainly composed of nickel (Ni) and titanium (Ti). In the most common nickel titanium alloys, the mass percentage of nickel is usually around 55%, with the rest being titanium. This seemingly simple proportion actually contains complex physical and chemical mysteries. At this ratio, nickel titanium alloy can exhibit shape memory properties. When the temperature changes, the atomic arrangement inside the alloy changes, allowing the alloy to "remember" its shape at a specific temperature and restore its original state when the temperature returns. For example, the nickel titanium alloy vascular stent widely used in the medical field can be compressed into a small size at low temperatures for implantation into blood vessels through a catheter. In a warm environment, it quickly returns to its predetermined expanded shape, supporting the blood vessel wall and ensuring smooth blood flow.

Minor differences in composition ratios can significantly affect the properties of alloys. If the nickel content slightly increases, the phase transition temperature of the alloy may increase, and the shape memory effect and superelasticity may also change. This change is crucial in applications that require precise control of temperature response. For example, in the aerospace field, nickel titanium alloys used to make connecting components require precise control of composition ratios to ensure reliable shape memory function even in extreme temperature environments, ensuring the safe operation of aircraft.

To further optimize the performance of nickel titanium alloys, small amounts of other elements are often added. Adding copper (Cu) can refine alloy grains, improve alloy strength and processing performance; Adding cobalt (Co) can adjust the phase transition temperature range of the alloy to better adapt to different working environments. For example, in micro sensors of electronic devices, nickel titanium alloys with specific elements added can sensitively sense environmental changes and accurately transmit signals due to their precise temperature response and good mechanical properties.

Different application scenarios have different requirements for the composition ratio of nickel titanium alloys. In the field of orthodontics, nickel titanium alloy wire needs to have appropriate super elasticity and soft rebound force to gradually correct teeth. At this point, the nickel titanium ratio in the alloy and any other trace elements that may be added have been carefully blended. In the sealing components of automobile engines, nickel titanium alloys have to withstand high temperature and high pressure, and the design of composition ratios focuses on improving the alloy's high temperature resistance and wear resistance.

The composition ratio of nickel titanium alloy is like its performance code. By precisely adjusting the proportions of nickel, titanium, and other added elements, scientists and engineers are constantly expanding the application boundaries of nickel titanium alloys, allowing this magical material to shine in more fields and bring more convenience and innovation to human life.